Python简单读写Xls格式文档的方法示例

本文实例讲述了python/' target='_blank'>python简单读写Xls格式文档的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

1. 模块安装

使用pip install命令安装，
即：

pip install xlrd

pip install xlwt

如下图：

2. Python 代码

import xlrdimport xlwtimport datetime def set_style(name,height,format,bold=False):  style = xlwt.XFStyle()  if format.strip()!='':    style.num_format_str =format  font = xlwt.Font()  font.name=name  font.bold=bold  font.color_index=4  font.height=height  alignment = xlwt.Alignment()  #HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED  alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER  #VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED  alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER  style.alignment = alignment  style.font=font  return styledef set_colstyle(sheet,cindex):  col=sheet.col(cindex)  col.width =256*20  #col.height =100def writeXls(path):  wb = xlwt.Workbook()  sheet = wb.add_sheet('测试',cell_overwrite_ok=True)  set_colstyle(sheet,3)  #标题  heads=['姓名','学科','分数','日期']  for h in range(0,len(heads)):    sheet.write(0,h,heads[h],set_style('Arial',300,'',True))  #数据  sheet.write_merge(1,2,0,0,'张三',set_style('Arial',300,'',False))  sheet.write(1,1,'语文',set_style('Arial',240,'',False))  sheet.write(1,2,85,set_style('Arial',240,'',False))  sheet.write(1,3,datetime.date.today(),set_style('Arial',240,'yyyy/mm/dd',False))  sheet.write(2,1,'数学',set_style('Arial',240,'',False))  sheet.write(2,2,85,set_style('Arial',240,'',False))  sheet.write(2,3,datetime.date.today(),set_style('Arial',240,'yyyy/mm/dd',False))  sheet.write_merge(3,4,0,0,'李四',set_style('Arial',300,'',False))  sheet.write(3,1,'语文',set_style('Arial',240,'',False))  sheet.write(3,2,95,set_style('Arial',240,'',False))  sheet.write(3,3,datetime.date.today(),set_style('Arial',240,'yyyy/mm/dd',False))  sheet.write(4,1,'数学',set_style('Arial',240,'',False))  sheet.write(4,2,95,set_style('Arial',240,'',False))  sheet.write(4,3,datetime.date.today(),set_style('Arial',240,'yyyy/mm/dd',False))  wb.save(path)def ismerge(sheet,merge,r,c):  #merge=sheet.merged_cells  for m in merge:    if r>=m[0] and r<m[1] and c==m[2]:      r=m[0]      c==m[2]      break  return r,cdef readXls(path):  wb=xlrd.open_workbook(path,formatting_info=True)  #sheetname=wb.sheet_names()[0]  sheet=wb.sheet_by_index(0)  rows=sheet.nrows  cols=sheet.ncols  merge=sheet.merged_cells  #merged_cells返回的这四个参数的含义是：(row,row_range,col,col_range),  #其中[row,row_range)包括row,不包括row_range  print('--------------------------------------------------------------------')  for r in range(0,rows):    listStr = []    for c in range(0,cols):      merg=ismerge(sheet,merge,r,c)      if (sheet.cell(merg[0],merg[1]).ctype==3):        data_value=xlrd.xldate_as_tuple(sheet.cell_value(merg[0],merg[1]),wb.datemode)        #print(datetime.date(*data_value[:3]).strftime('%Y/%m/%d'))        listStr.append(datetime.date(*data_value[:3]).strftime('%Y/%m/%d'))      else:        #print(sheet.cell_value(merg[0],merg[1]))        listStr.append(sheet.cell_value(merg[0],merg[1]))      #print(sheet.cell(merg[0],merg[1]).value)      #print(sheet.cell(r,c).ctype)    print(' |\t'.join(str(s) for s in listStr if s not in [None]))    print('--------------------------------------------------------------------')if __name__ == '__main__':  #writeXls('H:\测试.xls')  readXls('H:\测试.xls')

3.效果展示

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