Python实现的Excel文件读写类

本文实例讲述了python/' target='_blank'>python实现的Excel文件读写类。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下：

#coding=utf-8########################################################filename:ExcelRW.py#author:defias#date:2015-4-27#function:read or write excel file#######################################################import xlrdimport xlwtimport xlutils.copy import os.pathclass XlsEngine(): """ The XlsEngine is a class for excel operation Usage:   xlseng = XlsEngine('filePath')  """ def __init__(self,xlsname):  """  define class variable  """  self.xls_name = xlsname #file name  self.xlrd_object = None #workbook object  self.isopentrue = False #file open flag def open(self):  """  open a xls file  Usage:   xlseng.open()  """  try:   self.xlrd_object = xlrd.open_workbook(self.xls_name)   self.isopentrue = True   print('[%s,%s].'%(self.isopentrue,self.xlrd_object))  except:   self.isopentrue = False   self.xlrd_object = None   print('open %s failed.'%self.xls_name) def info(self):  """  show xls file information  Usage:   xlseng.info()    """  if self.isopentrue == True:   for sheetname in self.xlrd_object.sheet_names():    worksheet = self.xlrd_object.sheet_by_name(sheetname)    print('%s:(%d row,%d col).'%(sheetname,worksheet.nrows,worksheet.ncols))  else:   print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name) def readcell(self,sheetname='sheet1',rown=0,coln=0):  """  read file's a cell content  Usage:   xlseng.readcell('sheetname',rown,coln)  """  try:   if self.isopentrue == True:    worksheets = self.xlrd_object.sheet_names()    if sheetname not in worksheets:     print('%s is not exit.'%sheetname)     return False    worksheet = self.xlrd_object.sheet_by_name(sheetname)    cell = worksheet.cell_value(rown,coln)    print('[file:%s,sheet:%s,row:%s,col:%s]:%s.'%(self.xls_name,sheetname,rown,coln,cell))   else:    print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name)  except:   print('readcell is false! please check sheetn rown and coln is right.') def readrow(self,sheetname='sheet1',rown=0):  """  read file's a row content  Usage:   xlseng.readrow('sheetname',rown)  """  try:   if self.isopentrue == True:    worksheets = self.xlrd_object.sheet_names()    if sheetname not in worksheets:     print('%s is not exit.'%sheetname)     return False        worksheet = self.xlrd_object.sheet_by_name(sheetname)    row = worksheet.row_values(rown)    print('[file:%s,sheet:%s,row:%s]:%s.'%(self.xls_name,sheetname,rown,row))   else:    print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name)  except:   print('readrow is false! please check sheetn rown is right.') def readcol(self,sheetname='sheet1',coln=0):  """  read file's a col content  Usage:   xlseng.readcol('sheetname',coln)  """  try:   if self.isopentrue == True:    worksheets = self.xlrd_object.sheet_names()    if sheetname not in worksheets:     print('%s is not exit.'%sheetname)     return False    worksheet = self.xlrd_object.sheet_by_name(sheetname)    col = worksheet.col_values(coln)    print('[file:%s,sheet:%s,col:%s]:%s.'%(self.xls_name,sheetname,coln,col))   else:    print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name)  except:   print('readcol is false! please check sheetn coln is right.') def writecell(self,value='',sheetn=0,rown=0,coln=0):  """  write a cell to file,other cell is not change  Usage:    xlseng.writecell('str',sheetn,rown，coln)  """  try:   if self.isopentrue == True:    xlrd_objectc = xlutils.copy.copy(self.xlrd_object)    worksheet = xlrd_objectc.get_sheet(sheetn)    worksheet.write(rown,coln,value)    xlrd_objectc.save(self.xls_name)    print('writecell value:%s to [sheet:%s,row:%s,col:%s] is ture.'%(value,sheetn,rown,coln))   else:    print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name)  except:   print('writecell is false! please check.') def writerow(self,values='',sheetn=0,rown=0,coln=0):  """  write a row to file,other row and cell is not change  Usage:   xlseng.writerow('str1,str2,str3...strn',sheetn,rown.coln)  """  try:   if self.isopentrue == True:    xlrd_objectc = xlutils.copy.copy(self.xlrd_object)    worksheet = xlrd_objectc.get_sheet(sheetn)    values = values.split(',')    for value in values:     worksheet.write(rown,coln,value)     coln += 1    xlrd_objectc.save(self.xls_name)    print('writerow values:%s to [sheet:%s,row:%s,col:%s] is ture.'%(values,sheetn,rown,coln))   else:    print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name)  except:   print('writerow is false! please check.') def writecol(self,values='',sheetn=0,rown=0,coln=0):  """  write a col to file,other col and cell is not change  Usage:   xlseng.writecol('str1,str2,str3...',sheetn,rown.coln)  """  try:   if self.isopentrue == True:    xlrd_objectc = xlutils.copy.copy(self.xlrd_object)    worksheet = xlrd_objectc.get_sheet(sheetn)    values = values.split(',')    for value in values:     worksheet.write(rown,coln,value)     rown += 1    xlrd_objectc.save(self.xls_name)    print('writecol values:%s to [sheet:%s,row:%s,col:%s] is ture.'%(values,sheetn,rown,coln))   else:    print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name)  except:   print('writecol is false! please check.') def filecreate(self,sheetnames='sheet1'):  """  create a empty xlsfile  Usage:   filecreate('sheetname1,sheetname2...')  """  try:   if os.path.isfile(self.xls_name):    print('%s is exit.'%self.xls_name)    return False   workbook = xlwt.Workbook()   sheetnames = sheetnames.split(',')   for sheetname in sheetnames:    workbook.add_sheet(sheetname,cell_overwrite_ok=True)   workbook.save(self.xls_name)   print('%s is created.'%self.xls_name)  except:   print('filerator is false! please check.') def addsheet(self,sheetnames='sheet1'):  """  add sheets to a exit xlsfile  Usage:   addsheet('sheetname1,sheetname2...')  """  try:   if self.isopentrue == True:    worksheets = self.xlrd_object.sheet_names()    xlrd_objectc = xlutils.copy.copy(self.xlrd_object)    sheetnames = sheetnames.split(',')    for sheetname in sheetnames:     if sheetname in worksheets:      print('%s is exit.'%sheetname)      return False    for sheetname in sheetnames:     xlrd_objectc.add_sheet(sheetname,cell_overwrite_ok=True)    xlrd_objectc.save(self.xls_name)    print('addsheet is ture.')   else:    print("file %s is not open \n"%self.xls_name)  except:   print('addsheet is false! please check.')"""  def chgsheet(self,sheetn,values):  def clear(self):""" if __name__ == '__main__':  #初始化对象 xlseng = XlsEngine('E:\\Code\\Python\\test2.xls') #新建文件，可以指定要新建的sheet页面名称，默认值新建sheet1 #print("\nxlseng.filecreate():") #xlseng.filecreate('newesheet1,newesheet2,newesheet3') #打开文件 print("xlseng.open():") xlseng.open() #添加sheet页 print("\nxlseng.addsheet():") xlseng.addsheet('addsheet1,addsheet2,addsheet3') #输出文件信息 print("\nxlseng.info():") xlseng.info() #读取sheet1页第3行第3列单元格数据（默认读取sheet1页第1行第1列单元格数据） print("\nxlseng.readcell():") xlseng.readcell('sheet1',2,2) #读取sheet1页第2行的数据（默认读取sheet1页第1行的数据） print("\nxlseng.readrow():") xlseng.readrow('sheet1',1) #读取sheet1页第3列的数据（默认读取sheet1页第1列的数据） print("\nxlseng.readcol():") xlseng.readcol('sheet1',2) #向第一个sheet页的第2行第4列写字符串数据‘I am writecell writed'(默认向第一个sheet页的第1行第1列写空字符串) print("\nxlseng.writecell():") xlseng.writecell('I am writecell writed',0,1,3) #向第一个sheet页写一行数据，各列的值为‘rowstr1,rowstr2,rowstr3'，从第3行第4列开始写入(默认向第一个sheet页写一行数据，值为‘'，从第1行第1列开始写入) print("\nxlseng.writerow():") xlseng.writerow('rowstr1,rowstr2,rowstr3',0,2,3) #向第一个sheet页写一列数据，各行的值为‘colstr1,colstr2,colstr3，colstr4'，从第4行第4列开始写入(默认向第一个sheet页写一列数据，值为‘'，从第1行第1列开始写入) print("\nxlseng.writecol():") xlseng.writecol('colstr1,colstr2,colstr3,colstr4',0,3,3)

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